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The franchising business model: an entrepreneurial growth alternative
- Published: 25 May 2010
- Volume 8 , pages 75–98, ( 2012 )
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- William Gillis 1 &
- Gary J. Castrogiovanni 2
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The franchising business model is widely and increasingly used by entrepreneurs seeking growth through geographic expansion. Thus, continued research efforts are needed to help entrepreneurs make wise choices as to whether the franchising business model is appropriate for them. To help promote such research, we reviewed the literature on reasons for franchising and outcomes of franchising. Based on that review, we drew conclusions as to future research directions likely to be fruitful. Specifically, we recommend that researchers (a) continue adding theoretical diversity to franchising research, (b) build large-scale, longitudinal databases, (c) test or control for implicit and explicit assumptions, (d) pay more attention to micro-level considerations within franchise networks, and (e) compare franchising with alternative business models suitable for geographic expansion.
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Gillis, W., Castrogiovanni, G.J. The franchising business model: an entrepreneurial growth alternative. Int Entrep Manag J 8 , 75–98 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-010-0158-8
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Published : 25 May 2010
Issue Date : March 2012
DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-010-0158-8
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Title: emo: emote portrait alive -- generating expressive portrait videos with audio2video diffusion model under weak conditions.
Abstract: In this work, we tackle the challenge of enhancing the realism and expressiveness in talking head video generation by focusing on the dynamic and nuanced relationship between audio cues and facial movements. We identify the limitations of traditional techniques that often fail to capture the full spectrum of human expressions and the uniqueness of individual facial styles. To address these issues, we propose EMO, a novel framework that utilizes a direct audio-to-video synthesis approach, bypassing the need for intermediate 3D models or facial landmarks. Our method ensures seamless frame transitions and consistent identity preservation throughout the video, resulting in highly expressive and lifelike animations. Experimental results demonsrate that EMO is able to produce not only convincing speaking videos but also singing videos in various styles, significantly outperforming existing state-of-the-art methodologies in terms of expressiveness and realism.
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Abstract. After an exhaustive review of the literature on franchising, Elango and Fried published in 1997 a paper in which the main articles that these authors described as scientific were shown ...
franchising by the government provided a means for public utilities to be developed relatively quickly and without public funds. Franchising by private businesses began when manufacturers granted exclusive distributorships. As early as the 1860's, Singer Sewing Machine Co. used franchised distributors
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In addition, this study shows a change in research patterns regarding topics, theories and methodologies from the 1970s through 2018. The paper presents the most influential articles, authors and journals.,From the analyzes, this study develops a conceptual framework of international franchising and suggest avenues for future research.
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Although franchising is a growing business form with economic benefits to participants, little empirical research has been done to evaluate the factors that contribute to a successful franchise relationship, particularly from the viewpoint of franchisees. Early research in the franchising field was primarily focused on economics. Over the past
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Sora is a text-to-video generative AI model, released by OpenAI in February 2024. The model is trained to generate videos of realistic or imaginative scenes from text instructions and show potential in simulating the physical world. Based on public technical reports and reverse engineering, this paper presents a comprehensive review of the model's background, related technologies, applications ...
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