POE ETHERNET CONNECTOR PINOUT

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RJ45 PINOUT AND COLOR CODE

RJ45 pinout and color code

RJ45 PIN DESIGNATIONS

RJ45 pin designations IEEE802.3at

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Do RJ45s need to be wired differently to enable POE (Power over ethernet)?

On larger projects we tend to buy CAT6 in drums of 1000ft, these are then run to the locations as required and RJ-45s placed on the ends by the electrician, this all works fine.

Were now starting to use devices that have POE (power over Ethernet), and I was wondering: for POE to work do the RJ-45s have to be wired in a particular / different way to how they normally would?

  • power-over-ethernet

Attie's user avatar

  • What cable are you planning to use? CAT 5e or CAT 6? –  Prasanna Apr 12, 2015 at 19:48
  • Its usually Cat6, but from time to time Cat5e –  sam Apr 12, 2015 at 19:49
  • 2 CAT 6 uses 23AWG size wires - hence can carry voltages to long distances than others - please perform voltage drop calculations before you implement your design –  Prasanna Apr 12, 2015 at 19:51
  • 2 I strongly recommend that you stick to a specific standard of wiring - be it power wiring or not. –  Prasanna Apr 12, 2015 at 20:05

8 Answers 8

From experience (and I mean I have spent weeks figuring out why some PoE cables don't work and others do) I can say this: Ensure that your use RJ45 type B wiring and not type A for PoE. In some cases I have not been able to get type A to work. The power is transmitted, the powered device comes on, but there's no communication with the device, not even on layer2 (powered device MAC address is not visible on the switch).

So, use type B.

On a short cable (a few meters) it makes no difference, but on 70m+ it does. Using CAT5/5e or CAT6/6a cable, both cause problems on type A but not type B.

Type A and B (for CAT5 and 6)

Although this is not strictly a wiring issue, to further explain the problems that can be experienced with CAT6 cable over long length (50m+), eejim writes at https://community.ubnt.com/t5/UniFi-Wireless/Unexpected-PoE-Cable-length-limitations-with-UniFi-Switch-16/m-p/1918103/highlight/true#M226319 :

"CAT6/6A cables are being made with 26 gauge cable. The biggest problem with 10Gb ethernet is crosstalk between the wires/pairs in the cable. There's just one way to lessen this - move the wires physically farther apart. One way the cable manufacturers have found to accomplish this while not making the cable too large - there is actually a spec for the maximum diameter of ethernet cable - is to make the copper wire itself smaller, so the insulation is thicker, so there's more space between conductors. This actually works (and they love it because there's less copper which saves them money, but they can charge more for the cable because, well, it's spec'd higher, right?) , but it causes the problem you are seeing - the smaller conductor has higher resistance and therefore more voltage drop than the standard CAT5e 24 gauge wire. So with longer CAT6 cables the PoE limitation needs to be accounted for. This is why I never use Cat6/6A cables except for very specific things, and never ever for PoE.

Change out your cable to CAT5e and the problems will go away. And at gigabit speeds it will work just fine up to 100 meters, even at 24V PoE."

Just to clarify an issue raised in other answers: Using the same cable with type A wiring POE doesn't work, but crimping type B wiring works. No theoretical arguments needed. This is a practical solution to real problem.

Having taken note of eejim's comments, I have checked with suppliers and there is a better quality CAT6/CAT6A available that uses 23 gauge wire, which will not suffer from these issues when used for POE purposes.

Lifeboy's user avatar

As others have commented/answered, the "wire layout" (i.e. the color code) doesn't matter, the cable type (5/5e/6) determines signal properties (i.e. how far the signal can travel and at what "speed", etc.) so as long as the cable is POE capable (any 5+ cable, or CAT3 if less power is needed) and the switch/device is POE compliant (802.3af-at), the "color code" of the wire is more for any one coming up behind you to know your scheme (i.e. if it's wired all wonky, you might not be able to quickly tell if one cable is a pass-through or crossover ... not fun when 1 cable can stretch 200+ feet and there are 200 cables to dig through)

FYI: The "standards" that most use are the TIA/EIA 568 A/B termination standards.

txtechhelp's user avatar

Based on the standards diagram posted in another answer and sourced from Wikipedia , the POE issue with crossover cables comes if the device using POE is using the Mode A standard - which puts biased power over the data pins. If the data pins reverse then the DC voltage gets to the device in reverse polarity, and will not work.

If the wiring is standard straight-through cable, then there should be no issue; and also if the device uses the Mode B standard then the power is sent over other conductors which do not cross over, even if inside a crossover cable.

Giacomo1968's user avatar

No; POE does not require any different or special cabling.

psusi's user avatar

  • 2 Upvoted because this is the most direct answer to the OP. –  Wranorn Feb 1, 2020 at 7:43
  • I make it quite clear in my answer that POE does require Type B wiring in some cases. So while in theory your answer may be true, in practice is not correct. –  Lifeboy Feb 27, 2021 at 10:54
  • I always forget about that weird type A order.. I was always taught the type B order. In any event, the cable is still the same, it's just a question of how you crimp on the connector ;) –  psusi Mar 1, 2021 at 13:34

Of course, the wiring scheme is different.

enter image description here

I have taken this from Wikipedia link here

Note: Please remember that the maximum voltage allowed is 50V and current is .36A which is 18W. So the load you are connecting to should not be drawing more power than this recommended current / voltage levels.

Prasanna's user avatar

  • 3 I think the question is asking if they have to be connected differently; not if the signal on the wire is different. In other words, a 568-A on 1 end and a 568-B on another results in a X-over, doesn't matter if it's CAT5/6 or POE, that's why they are a standard, the cable just defines the signal that can be carried over it (you could essentially have the same color code on both ends and it will still work even though it's "wired differently") –  txtechhelp Apr 12, 2015 at 19:55
  • You are probably correct. But to me a cross over connection or a straight connection shall be decided depending upon what devices you connect on both ends. I read the question as POE specific... :-( –  Prasanna Apr 12, 2015 at 20:01
  • 1 50V*0.36A = 18W and not 36W –  phuclv Sep 7, 2018 at 15:18

If you're talking about the male end (The cable), then no. The devices I've used PoE used the same type of pinout as the ones that had their own power supply. It should be noted that this MIGHT depend on the speed in use, as not all pins are active until you get to gigabit ethernet.

What goes on on the female end (the device), I do not know, but I believe the device has a certain amount of resistance or capacitance between a set of pins, as a PoE-providing switch can detect whether or not it should supply PoE or not.

Jarmund's user avatar

DEFINITELY go with T568B {Orange Stripe, Orange, Green Stripe, Blue, Blue Stripe, Green, Brown Stripe, Brown}

It can make sense that as long as both ends are the same, it will work. NOT TRUE. I learned the hard way and had to redo many ends on POE because of this. Using the method mentioned above worked flawlessly every time. (200ft)

Matt's user avatar

As long as you keep both ends same, it doesn't really matter how you align the wires. You can align them any way you want, but you also have to do this on the other end (if you aren't making a cross-cable).

redbeam_'s user avatar

  • 1 I had this mindset too - until I handed over the project to another team - its complete chaos now - everyone in my team have used different types of connections to make things work - some have crimped only 4 wires and remaining are taped and kept out :-( –  Prasanna Apr 12, 2015 at 19:58
  • 1 Actually, if you care about signal integrity, it does matter. The twisted pairs need to be kept paired, but other than that, you can do them in any order as long as it's the same on both sides of the cable. –  nw. Feb 2, 2018 at 18:37
  • Downvoting... Not only keep the twisted pairs paired, but for best result, you need to use proper wiring as shown in LifeBoys answer. Some other variation would work, but above all, each twisted pair should be used for an Ethernet pair... see: pinoutguide.com/Net/ethernet1000baset_pinout.shtml –  user1532080 Sep 7, 2018 at 13:55

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rj45 pin configuration for poe

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PoE Pinout: Wiring Your Network

PoE Pinout

Understanding Power over Ethernet (PoE) pinout configurations is vital for properly wiring PoE devices on your network.

In this article, we will provide an in-depth look at PoE pinouts, covering RJ45 PoE pinout standards, best practices for wiring Ethernet pinouts for PoE, and the benefits of proper PoE camera pinouts. Proper PoE pinouts support easy device installations, reduce cable clutter, and enable remote power supply. Let’s take a complete look.

What is PoE Pinout?

Rj45 poe pinout configurations, wiring ethernet pinout for poe: best practices, benefits of proper poe camera pinout, cable recommendations for poe pinouts.

PoE pinout refers to the specific pin assignments on an RJ45 Ethernet cable used to deliver both power and data to PoE-capable devices. The ethernet PoE pinout allows Ethernet cables to carry electrical power along with data on the same cable to devices like VoIP phones, security cameras, access points, and more. This removes the need for these devices to have their own dedicated power supplies.

Understanding the correct PoE pinout ensures seamless integration and operation of PoE devices on your wired network. One appliaction is to select an appropriate Ethernet cable, like the Reolink Duo 3 PoE , with a 16MP high-resolution capability, ensuring smooth data transmission for your PoE cameras.

rj45 pin configuration for poe

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RJ45 connectors utilize 8 pins to transfer data and power to PoE devices. The standard PoE pinout RJ45 used for regular Ethernet connectivity without PoE may not work for supplying power. There are two types of RJ45 PoE schemes: Mode A and Mode B. Choosing the correct mode ensures the pinout aligns properly between the PoE switch port and powered device.

Mode A PoE Pinout

Mode A relies on pins 1, 2, 3, and 6 for power transmission. Here is what each pin does in a Mode A RJ45 PoE pinout:

  • Pin 1: Positive Voltage (V+)
  • Pin 2: Negative Voltage (V-)
  • Pin 3: Positive Voltage (V+)
  • Pin 6: Negative Voltage (V-)
  • Pins 4, 5, 7, 8: Not Used

This separation of positive and negative wires provides excellent noise rejection capabilities. Most PoE switches and devices today work in Mode A by default.

Mode B PoE Pinout

In Mode B pinouts, the power transmission occurs over pins 4, 5, 7, and 8. Here is the function of each RJ45 pinout PoE:

  • Pin 4: Positive Voltage (V+)
  • Pin 5: Negative Voltage (V-)
  • Pin 7: Negative Voltage (V-)
  • Pin 8: Positive Voltage (V+)
  • Pins 1, 2, 3, 6: Not Used

Mode B has fallen out of favor due to increased noise issues from running data and power wires next to each other. However, some equipment still relies on Mode B PoE pinouts.

Installing Ethernet infrastructure for PoE requires care to avoid connectivity or power issues. Follow these best practices when wiring ethernet pinout PoE:

1. Verify PoE Standard Compatibility

Ensure the PoE switch, Ethernet cabling, and powered device all support the same PoE standard. Mismatched ethernet PoE pinout standards can lead to connectivity loss or even equipment damage. Common PoE standards include 802.3af, 802.3at , and 802.3bt.

2. Choose the Correct Mode

Confirm whether the PoE switch and target device use Mode A or Mode B RJ45 PoE pinouts. Using the wrong mode prevents the powered device from functioning properly. Most PoE equipment today works in Mode A.

3. Connect to PoE Switch Ports Properly

Plug equipment only into PoE-enabled switch ports. Connecting to non-PoE ports not only stops power transmission but also risks damaging Ethernet switch components. Disable unused PoE ports.

4. Watch Cable Lengths

Adhere to maximum cable run lengths based on PoE standards to avoid power transmission loss. For example, 802.3af supports 100 meters, 802.3at up to 150 meters, and 802.3bt allows 600 meters.

5. Use Proper Cabling

Choose solid core Category 5e or higher cabling for reliability. Stranded PoE ethernet pinout cables often do not make consistent contact with RJ45 connectors, leading to physical issues. Paying attention to these key steps when wiring PoE pinouts prevents networking problems, improves PoE device uptime, and avoids damage. It also makes installing additional PoE endpoints easier later on.

Security cameras represent one of the most popular uses for PoE on Ethernet networks. Running cameras over PoE with correct RJ45 pinouts provides tremendous installation, operation, and maintenance advantages compared to traditional analog cameras.

Easy Cable Management

A single Ethernet cable delivers both data and power from the NVR to each PoE camera pinout. This eliminates the hassle of pulling and connecting power cables at each camera installation site. Network video recorders (NVRs) also take less space without bulky power supplies inside.

Reduced Cable Clutter

The single-cable PoE approach significantly cuts down cable clutter in the ceiling or conduit. Analog systems require bundles containing video coax, Siamese cables, and power wires for each camera. PoE greatly simplifies infrastructure needs.

Remote Power Supply

Cameras powered locally present issues over time as transformers degrade. Centralized power from the PoE switch via properly wired Ethernet allows easy monitoring and management of camera power status. Intelligently managed PoE power budgets prevent overloading.

For example, installing the Reolink Duo 3 PoE camera simply requires correctly connecting it to a PoE switch port with Ethernet cables . The RJ45 cable handles both power and data over longer distances.

Choosing the appropriate Ethernet cable builds reliability into your PoE infrastructure. Here are the top cable recommendations for PoE cable pinout wiring:

Category 5e and Above

Cat5e cables comfortably handle PoE for today's networks. The solid core maintains performance over distance while still remaining cost-effective at scale. Using Category 6 or 6a for future-proofing PoE installs provides headroom for higher wattages and bandwidth.

Shielded vs Unshielded

Shielded cables better reject electromagnetic interference (EMI) that can disrupt transmissions. This makes them preferable for industrial environments. However, unshielded cables work for most typical PoE security cameras and WiFi access point connections.

Outdoor-Rated Cables

Running PoE wiring outdoors requires using cables designed to withstand weather elements, temperature extremes, and other environmental rigors over time. Choose exterior-grade cables with UL verification for any outdoor PoE extensions.

Maximum Length

Allowable Ethernet cable distances decrease as delivered PoE wattages rise. Always check cable run length restrictions based on your PoE switch and connected device standards. Exceeding stipulated lengths bottlenecks electrical current, reducing PoE wattages.

Carefully wiring Ethernet infrastructure for PoE enables devices like VoIP phones, video cameras, access controls, badge readers, and thin clients to be deployed easily without local power. Paying attention to pinouts, modes, switch ports, runs, and proper cables keeps these PoE-powered systems humming.

What pins are used in PoE?

PoE relies on pins 1, 2, 3, and 6 for power transmission in Mode A pinouts. For Mode B, pins 4, 5, 7, and 8 handle power delivery instead. Data transmission occurs over the other spare pins.

Does PoE need all 8 wires?

No, only 4 of the 8 RJ45 wires carry electrical current. However, using all 8 wires allows simultaneous data communication. Two-pairs handling power enables reliable delivery over longer distances.

Is PoE+ the same as 802.3at?

Yes, PoE+ represents the IEEE naming for products adhering to the 802.3at standard. Similarly, PoE++ corresponds to equipment meeting the 802.3bt specification defined by the IEEE.

Getting PoE pinouts correctly wired ensures seamless network connectivity and power for devices like security cameras, wireless access points, and VoIP phone systems. Paying attention to PoE modes, switch ports, and Ethernet cable specs when planning and installing PoE allows reliable powering of equipment remotely over a single cable, reducing clutter and installation headaches.

Do you understand PoE pinout now? Share your thoughts with us in the comment section below so that we can discuss together!

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Power Over Ethernet (PoE) Adapter

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Introduction: Power Over Ethernet (PoE) Adapter

Power Over Ethernet (PoE) Adapter

Power over Ethernet or PoE, is the technology used for power transmission in network equipment, via network UTP cable, together with data. PoE is useful in situations when we want to connect network devices that are far away from a power source. In this situation we take advantage of the Ethernet cable, because there are 4 pairs of wires, but for the majority of networks, only 2 pairs are used for data transmission. PoE uses 2 unused twisted pairs, for electrical transmission needed to power the device. There are several architectures of PoE and many of them existed before the technology being standardized, due this fact not all types of PoE are compatible. PoE devices receive power directly from the network cable, but should be noted that according the manufacturers, specs like nominal values of voltage and current, and even pairs used to transport electrical energy may be different. Source here .

Step 1: Description

Description

Applying a voltage across terminals not dimensioned for that, may damage the network device. To avoid this, the best way is to make a PoE adapter, separating the two input signals, via two simple circuits, an injector and a splitter. The injector will feed the network cable with power and this circuit is placed near the origin of the installation, where we have a modem or a switch, and of course a power plug. Then we have as outputs of the Ethernet cable, data and power that will connect to the device. Now we connect the splitter circuit, which receives data and power. From this circuit leaves an Ethernet cable and a DC plug avoiding applying unknown voltages to the devices. As example consider the eLab case, which have a switch on the back of the room and we want to feed a 12V wireless router which is at the opposite end of the room, to obtain greater coverage by departmental area, in a place near a windows without power sources nearby. The network diagram is the one above.

Step 2: Material

Material

• 2 RJ45 Female connectors • 2 Plastic boxes • 2 Ethernet cables (or UTP cable + 4 RJ45 crimping connectors) • 1 DC male connector • 1 DC female connector • Perfboard or PCB In this project we used only recycled components, from old devices, so we had a total cost of € 0.

Step 3: Connectors

Connectors

In our case, we used old phone connector boxes as shown in the following image. We replaced the RJ11 connectors by RJ45. Starting from two plastic boxes, it is necessary to open a hole to fit the RJ45 connectors and secure them with hot glue. In one of the boxes it’s also necessary to make an opening to DC female connector, for power input, this box will be the injector.

Step 4: Ethernet Data

Ethernet Data

Now to understand the connection, we must understand how data flows through an Ethernet cable. For 10 and 100Mbps network we have the previous table of the configuration in the twisted pairs. As seen in the table, pins 4, 5, 7 and 8 are not used, so let’s use them as positive and negative terminals for power. We use pins 4 and 5 (blue and blue/white) as positive and pins 7 and 8 (brown/white and brown) as negative. Regarding the standard of colors, it doesn’t matter what standard is used, however all project should be done with the same standard. In our case we used the standard 568B.

Step 5: Schematic

Schematic

We cut the Ethernet cable to obtain two ends with 15 cm long. This also can be made with UTP cable crimping the RJ45 connectors. One of the tips will be the injector connection to the Switch and the other will connect the splitter circuit to the Wireless Router. In these two tips, pairs blue and blue/white and brown and brown/white are cut and left open. In no situation they should be connected DC power at the risk of damaging the Switch or Wireless Router, so make sure they are left opened! The connection should be made according with the schematic. The 2 remaining pairs are normally plugged to the female RJ45 connector in the correct pins. The power supply comes from the female DC plug and will connect in the place of the pairs that were left opened. The positive will connect in pins 4 and 5, and the negative in the pins 7 and 8 of the female RJ45 connector. In the splitter circuit, the same will happen, being the male DC plug the only difference.

Step 6: How It Looks

How It Looks

In the first image you can see the tip of the cable that will come from the switch and the DC input connecting to the RJ45 plug. If you look closely you can notice that the RJ45 connector is a little melted, this is because the material is reused from old electronic devices, the same goes for the perfurated PCB. There are however connectors with mechanical contacts that don’t require any soldering. In the second image you can see the RJ45 connector that will receive the PoE signal, where then the data will be separated from the power supply. The data will be sent through that tip of Ethernet cable, which will connect to the Wireless Router. The power supply is sent through another cable and will connect the DC plug to power the Router, however it’s not visible in this image for it is behind the Ethernet cable. Before trying it, we tested the conductivity of each pin, for that we connected the injector and the splitter with an Ethernet cable and then checked if pins 1, 2, 3 and 6 had continuity, from the injector to the splitter, and the same with the DC connectors. We also tested if pins 4, 5, 7 and 8 didn’t have continuity, once they are cut in the adapters and left opened in each side. Finally we also tested adjacent pins to make sure there were no short circuits anywhere.

Step 7: Results

Results

The injector on the right and the splitter on the left, as you can confirm by the DC output. For well executed adapters, there is no influence of the power supply on the data cables, there is no interference in the transmission of data packets or in the speed itself. In the following images you can see the adapters in the place where they were destined to be installed. The eLab network has been working well and there hasn’t been any kind of problem.

Step 8: Observations

Observations

Once again we remind that in the injector and splitter, the tips of the twisted pairs 4, 5, 7 and 8 (blue, blue/white, brown/white and brown) must be cut and left in open circuit. If this is not done or if there is any kind of anomaly that imposes voltage in these pins, the network devices might be damaged. It’s necessary to guarantee that these pins are left opened, preferably even isolated. As mentioned before, the PoE technology uses the 2 twisted pairs that are not used on the ethernet cable, however, this is only true for 10 and 100Mbps networks. 1Gbps networks already use all the twisted pairs for data transmission, so the PoE technology is applied differently, through a technique called Phantom Power, therefore this adapter is not suited for those networks. To avoid the risk of damaging network devices, it is never advised to inject the PoE signal directly anywhere but the splitter, unless you are absolutely sure about the device’s characteristics and about what you are doing. The injector and splitter should be always used together. According with the application, voltage drops should be considered. For most uses, specially for low wattages, voltage drops in a PoE cable are ignored, however, for longer distances they start having considerable values which can change the performance of the network devices. If the voltage drop is relevant, then you should consider increasing the voltage supply in order to compensate the drops through the cable and have the device’s nominal voltage in its terminals. In our case, the router is less than 5 meters way from the switch, so the voltage drop is irrelevant. For longer distances they should be calculated and considered. Maximum voltage used in PoE systems is 57VDC. If you are not sure about the network, about the devices, about how they work or about what you are doing, then it’s advised not to do any changes, under the risk of damaging the network devices, and we are not responsible for any kind of damage. Whatever you do, do it at your own risk.

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What is Power Over Ethernet (PoE), and What is it Used for?

What is PoE?

Power over Ethernet (PoE) is a standard that allows Ethernet cables to transmit data and power simultaneously using a single network cable. This allows system integration and network installers to deploy powered devices in locations that lack electrical circuitry. In addition, PoE eliminates the expense of installing additional electrical wiring, requiring professional electrical installers to ensure that strict conduit regulations are followed.

PoE technology sends 10/100/1000 Mbps of data and 15W, 30W, 60W, and up to 90W of power budget to devices over Cat5e, Cat6, Cat6a. Cat7 and Cat8 Ethernet cables for a maximum distance of 100m.

PoE technology relies on the IEEE 802.3af, 802.3at, and 802.3bt standards set by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and governs how networking equipment should operate to promote interoperability between devices.

PoE-capable devices can be power sourcing equipment (PSE), powered devices (PDs), or sometimes both. The device that transmits power is the PSE, while the device that is powered is a PD. Most PSEs are either network switches or PoE injectors intended for use with non-PoE switches.

The most common types of PoE applications include:

  • VOIP phones
  • Wireless Access Points

However, PoE can also power other devices, including:

  • PoE lighting
  • IP intercoms
  • Security card readers

PoE Definitions

Even though PoE is relatively simple to deploy, network administrators need to understand some of the devices, terms, and technology involved.

PSEs vs. PDs

Power sourcing equipment (PSE) refers to devices responsible for supplying power to connected devices, such as switches, hubs, and injectors. Powered devices (PDs) receive power from PSEs. A few examples of PDs include IP cameras, VoIP, and wireless access points (WAPs)

Mode A vs. Mode B

PoE devices often use different power pinout pairs. These two methods are known as “Mode A” and “Mode B.”

With Mode A, data pin pair 1-2 forms one side of the DC supply, and pin pair 3-6 forms the other side, leaving pinout pairs 4-5 and 7-8 unused. Units that utilize Mode A are sometimes referred to as “end-span” units.

Unlike Mode A, Mode B leaves no data pinout pairs unused. Pin pairs 1-2 and 3-6 send data. Pin pair 4-5 form one side of the DC supply, and pin pair 7-8 form the other. Units that utilize Mode B are also referred to as “midspan” devices.

Though the differences between Mode A and Mode B are minimal, they are important to consider as disregarding which power pins are used to transfer and receive power can lead to non-functioning connections.

Endspan PSEs vs Midspan PSEs

As mentioned above, the terms endspan and midspan are used to indicate which pinouts are used to send and receive power; however, endspan PSEs and midspan PSEs take on a more literal meaning.

Midspan PSEs are characterized as “intermediary” devices deployed between a non-PoE-capable PSE with a PoE-capable PD. Examples of midspan PSEs include power injectors or power hubs. On the other hand, endspan devices refer to the main PSE in a network, such as a switch.

Compatible PoE Devices vs. Compliant PoE Devices

These terms are NOT synonymous.

Though complaint devices are IEEE-certified, compliance indicates different attributes for PDs and PSEs. For example, for a PD to be considered compliant , it must have the ability to send and receive power using both Mode A and Mode B.

However, compliance standards for PSEs do not require the support of both modes. As a result, some compliant PSEs only support Mofe A, while others support only Mode B—still, others may support both A and B modes.

PoE-compatible devices do not adhere to IEEE standards; however, they may be reliable alternatives that require installers to ensure the correct modes are used for their networks. For example, PoE-compatible PDs will most likely support only Mode B. However, this varies from manufacturer to manufacturer, and there is no guarantee that they will support both power modes.

Similarly, PoE-compatible PSEs, such as injectors, can support either mode, but there will be no guarantee that they will support both modes. Therefore, when using PoE-compatible devices, it is vital that network installers and system integrators check specification data sheets to verify that their prospective units meet the power modes their network uses.

What are 802.3af and 802.3at PoE standards?

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is responsible for creating PoE standards. Click here to learn more about IEEE’s standardization process. There are currently three PoE standards available. The 802.3af standard supports 15.4W of power. But even though 802.3at power sourcing equipment (PSE) can transmit 15.4W of power, powered devices (PDs) can only reliably receive 12.95W of power due to power dissipation.

In 2009, the IEEE introduced the 802.3at standard (also known as PoE+). This standard supports 30W of power, but similarly to the 802.3af standard, power dissipation causes PDs to receive slightly lower amounts of power, specifically 25.5W of power.

802.3bt (also known as PoE++ ) was ratified in 2018 and has two types (Type 3 and Type 4) offering higher power. The 802.3bt (Type 3) standard supports 60W of power, with PDs receiving 51W. The 802.3bt (Type 4) standard supports 100W which dissipates on the receiving end to 71.3W. This new standard essentially combines Mode A and Mode B to achieve the higher voltage and support 10 Gbps connections.

Why all the emphasis on 100W?

The higher power budget is particularly crucial for PoE lighting systems and platforms and for the other smart technologies currently being adopted. As businesses move further into smart technologies, automation is also inching its way into the picture. For example, smart PDs are automated—and automation needs more power. The smart device customer is becoming aware of what is possible with Ethernet power delivery and the IEEE 802.3bt standard and is taking steps to upgrade their supporting infrastructure accordingly.

Here are some of the major applications for high-power PoE:

  • LED lighting and sensors
  • PTZ cameras
  • High-performance WAPs
  • Thin client computers
  • VoIP phones
  • IP security cameras
  • Facility monitoring controls
  • Digital signage
  • Point-of-sale kiosks

What are the different PoE class types?

To prevent over-powering a PD, which can shorten the lifespan of the unit, IEEE-compliant PDs that rely on PoE are classified into different classes. PoE classes ensure efficient power distribution by specifying the amount of power that a PD will require. PDs that need less power than the closest PoE standard receive a low-ranking power classification and allows the PSE to allocate the surplus amount of power to other connected devices. In addition, low-power PDs require smaller cooling switches as the lower wattage output will not generate much heat. On the other hand, passive PoE adapters always relay the same amount of power at all times and are usually described as “non-standard.” Different PoE class types effectively help negotiate power between a PSE and PD. For example, the following chart indicates the amount of power allocated to different class types for the 802.3at, 802.3af, and 802.3bt standards.

What are the advantages of PoE?

  • Cost efficiency: PoE eliminates the cost of hiring professional electrical installers.
  • Quick deployment: PoE simply requires plugging in networking cabling to the proper equipment to function correctly.
  • Flexibility: Network administrators can deploy powered devices at nearly any location. Shielded cabling can be used for outdoor environments. Industrial-grade powered devices can be used for industrial environments.
  • Safety: Because PoE utilizes a relatively low voltage, it presents low risks of electrical hazards.
  • Reliability: PoE falls under IEEE’s strict 802.3 standard specifications.
  • Scalability: PoE makes it simple to add new equipment to a network.

How does PoE reduce installation costs?

PoE installation costs are far less than installing traditional wiring, and the operating costs are far more efficient. One twisted-pair cable delivers both data and power to devices. Existing copper from legacy phone systems can also be repurposed. In addition, PoE injectors and splitters save money by allowing IT pros to combine legacy devices with newer, more efficient PoE networking components. They also enable organizations to add remote devices without having to install electrical infrastructure. Injectors and splitters are designed to provide power to and from non-PoE compliant equipment. These inexpensive units will add years to a legacy system and save thousands of dollars by bypassing the installation of electrical outlets in remote locations.

How are PoE deployments more responsive?

PoE devices adapt to changing environments. They can be easily moved and reconnected at the switch level and easily integrate into changing network configurations. PoE is plug-and-play. An entire network does not need to be brought down to add or subtract devices.

Why is PoE installation safer?

PoE Type 3 voltages are typically less than 60V, and Type 4 is less than 90V. Conduits and metal cladding are not required. Fewer steps and hazards and the straightforward use of one Ethernet cable remove the need for a licensed electrician.

What are PoE data-gathering capabilities?

PoE technology is perfect for data collection. For example, analytics software can help facilities groups to determine when an area is occupied and when LED lighting and HVAC components may be turned off. As a result, operational costs can be much lower based on actual usage.

How does PoE enhance productivity?

Because of two-way data capabilities, LED lighting systems can be programmed to follow the spectrum and frequencies found in nature. As a result, employees can enjoy greater health, alertness, creativity, collaborative opportunities, and a sense of well-being while on the job.

What are the limitations of PoE?

The limitations are few but should be taken into account when adopting for the first time:

  • Simple PoE only transmits 100m.
  • Non-compliant devices require additional equipment.
  • Power budgets may only achieve levels available on legacy equipment.

Let’s look at these three limitations a bit more closely.

What is the maximum distance of PoE?

PoE can transmit 100 meters from the switch or hub to the Network interface controller (NIC), regardless of where the power is injected. The limitation is not the power; the Ethernet cabling standards limit the total length of cabling to 100m, the furthest distance a PoE switch can transmit simple data over Ethernet. A PoE Ethernet extender , however, can lengthen that span up to 4,000 feet. Extenders allow centralized control across a wide area for networks spanning enterprises, campuses, and large retail operations like shopping malls.

What does device compatibility refer to?

Legacy devices (those that are not PoE compliant) require either an injector or a splitter. PoE delivers power AND data over one cable and, therefore, one input. Legacy devices receive data and power separately.

Here’s how they work:

  • PoE injector: Sends power to PoE equipment that receives data through an existing non-PoE switch
  • PoE splitter: Also supplies power, but it does so by splitting the power from the data and feeding it to a separate input that a non-PoE compliant device can use

How much power can be delivered per port?

When purchasing, administrators want to be sure the maximum power budget of a switch is sufficient for the devices it supports. Identify the manufacturer’s power spec/budget per port to know if the end device will receive the necessary power through that switch.

What is a PoE power budget?

A power budget is the total amount of power a device can send through an Ethernet cable.

How much power can PoE devices supply?

PoE devices supply power according to the device IEEE 802.3 standard generation. The life-cycle generation is indicated by the extension: “af”, “at” (PoE+),or “bt” (PoE++ or UPoE). The following chart provides a side-by-side comparison of the maximum power each PoE Type delivers at the port level.

4 Types of PoE Power

Allotting Sufficient PoE Power to Your Network

PSEs (such as switches and hubs) come with a predetermined Total PoE Budget. On the other hand, PDs (such as VoIP and IP cameras) come with various wattage demands, and the total must be less than the PSEs’ Total Point Budget.

rj45 pin configuration for poe

For example, an 8-Port PoE Desktop Gigabit switch has a Total PoE Power Budget of 130W and is 802.3af-compliant. Therefore, if used at total capacity, the maximum yield per port would be 130W divided by eight ports, which is 16.25W per port, rounded down to the nearest standard (in this case, the 802.3af standard). Because 802.3af PDs only draw 15.4W of power, the remaining power will stay unused, so the PDs are not overpowered. Even though the device has eight ports, network administrators must not make the mistake of assuming that the switch can be filled at a total capacity with 802.3at devices. To calculate how many 802.3at devices a unit supports, simply divide the Total PoE Budget by the Maximum PoE Output. With our example switch shown above, we divide 130W (Total POE Budget) by 30W (Maximum PoE Output) to get 4.33 (which we round down to 4). So, our example switch can service four 802.3at devices. Calculating the max amount of 802.af devices is just as simple: Divide Total PoE Budget by 15.4 watts.

What about PoE and cable configurations?

Each PD gains access to the network data through an Ethernet cable. Before PoE technology came on the scene, in addition to an Ethernet cable, each device also required a separate power cord. As the number of devices began adding up, managing all these cables was time-consuming and messy. The solution to cable mess came by combining data and power delivery over a single Cat5 Ethernet cable. Today, Ethernet cables are divided into Cat5 (nearly obsolete), Cat5e, Cat6, Cat6a, Cat7, and Cat8, each providing a higher noise and signal interference protection rate, respectively. The PSEs supporting these PDs have not changed, though. They are either PoE switches or PoE injectors. Knowing the best one for your implementation is the key to saving time and money. And, you will see that knowing which is not difficult once you understand the unique features of either.

What are the best devices for your PoE network?

There is a range of PoE equipment available for a variety of networking environments. Industrial PoE , for example, is made to withstand the extreme temperature demands characteristic of harsh industrial environments. Outdoor PoE gear often comes enclosed in a protective encasement to protect against the elements. Also, network installers need to ensure that their PSEs allot a sufficient PoE power budget to support the desired amount of PDs.

PoE Switches

A PoE switch is a network switch that can provide Power over Ethernet from each interface while still being able to forward frames. Both managed and unmanaged PoE switches are available. A PoE switch requires one Uplink to an existing network to further expand and increase ports.

PoE Switch Application

What a PoE Switch Offers

An IT network switch is a multiport network hardware device that connects computers and smart devices and allows them to send and receive data. The PSE supports the transfer of data between MAC addresses over the data link layer. As the PoE switch (or injector, for that matter) connects to a device, it automatically determines whether that device is PoE compatible and whether it needs power. By making sure any new switches are PoE switches, you can ensure any PoE devices you need can easily connect to your network in the future. You are also ensuring that you can connect non-PoE devices, as they will support both without the risk of damage. An automatic step-down feature allows each device to detect a PD’s presence and determine whether it receives data or data and power. The IEEE PoE protocol also enables a PoE to switch (or injector) to detect the power level it needs to deliver. The delivery standard and amount of power each device needs is automated; however, you can determine the requirements by looking at the IEEE 802.3 extension. For example, a Type 1 device (IEEE 802.3af) can safely receive up to 15.4W of DC power. A Type device (IEEE 802.3at) accepts up to 30W.

Which Versa switches are PoE-capable?

The Versa switches that are PoE capable may be found on our PoE switch page . There are informational acronyms marked on the external chassis of each switch. Following are the acronyms and their meanings:

  • DMS: device management systems
  • UPOE: Ultra Power over Ethernet
  • Gbe: Gigabit Ethernet
  • PoE: Power over Ethernet

When it comes to maintaining a network, businesses need to assess their network demand to determine whether they need to choose between unmanaged PoE switches or managed PoE switches. Unmanaged PoE switches are relatively inexpensive, and their fixed configuration makes it easy to install the plug-and-play device. However, that is not to say that unmanaged PoE switches do not come with other hardware features. For example, unmanaged PoE switches can offer a redundant power input, extended operating temperatures, a nearly noise-free operation, among other hardware features. Many network administrators with heftier network demands opt for managed PoE switches. Many of these devices feature port-mirroring and, with the help of a protocol analyzer, can monitor the activity of incoming traffic, thus facilitating troubleshooting. Managed PoE switches also allow network administrators to monitor and prioritize traffic, set up VLANs, and program them through interfaces, such as Telnet, SNMP, or console. If you seek to update your network, visit our website for a more comprehensive collection of PoE switches, gigabit switches, managed Ethernet switches, and certified Industrial switches.

PoE Injectors

PoE injectors are midspan devices commonly deployed between a non-PoE-capable switch and a PoE-capable PD (such as an IP camera). PoE injectors add (or inject) power to a network cable to ensure that a connected PD can receive power and operate without a connected DC power supply. In short, a PoE injector makes a non-PoE PSE compatible with a PoE-capable PD. Thus, when spending the money for a switch is not practical, PoE injectors provide a versatile solution when fewer PoE ports are required.

Injectors allow administrators to populate and properly support LANs with both compliant and non-compliant devices.

PoE Injector Application

The VX-Pi100 is an 802.3af-compatible PoE injector that can power connected devices like WAPs, VoIP phones, IP cameras, and HDMI extenders. Similarly, the VS-Pi1000GB-30 PoE injector provides the same function as the VX-Pi100 but can support gigabit speeds. For larger-scale deployments, multi-port PoE injector hubs (also known as PoE hubs) perform the function of multiple PoE injectors.

PoE Injector vs. PoE Switch

The IT network is the lifeblood of any business, and PoE technology saves companies a bundle while adding a single-cable solution for powering smart devices cross-platform. PoE adapts easily and scales to fit your implementation now while also adjusting to fit new configurations as your needs morph down the road. Deploying an additional IP phone, camera, or wireless access point does not have to break the bank. Depending on the power requirements of the PDs you are supporting, you may opt for a solution other than a new switch. That is because constructing or adding to an existing switch, even a loaded one, is more straightforward and less expensive than you might think. Getting the connectivity you need may be as simple as adding a PoE injector.

VX-GPU2626 PoE Switch

When needing many 90W ports, look for an ultra PoE 802.3bt-ready switch like the VX-GPU2626 L2s + 24-port managed GbE UPOE Switch (2200W) to support higher-powered PDs.

VX-GPU2626 PoE Switch vs VX-1000GPP PoE Injector

When you only need one port, look for the VX-1000GPP industrial hardened gigabit injector. It offers a power budget of up to 90W for a single port at a cost-effective price.

A PoE hub can be viewed as a stack of PoE injectors. For example, a four-port PoE hub will have four data-in interfaces and four PoE interfaces. Each PoE interface requires a data connection with the corresponding data inside. A four-port PoE hub will require four data ports from the network switch. Data ports on the PoE hub will not forward frames within the hub. In other words, frames received on part one cannot be sent to parts two through four.

PoE Splitters

A PoE splitter supplies power to non-PoE-compatible devices by splitting power from data and feeding it to a separate input. Splitters are used on legacy and low-power devices like IP cameras to split PoE power from data signal and convert to lower-voltage requirements for the camera. In addition, a splitter allows a non-compliant device to upgrade to PoE.

PoE Extenders

A PoE extender is used to lengthen a network beyond the basic 100-meter distance limit for a twisted-pair Ethernet cable. Extenders unite networks that span large distances in hotels, shopping malls, business and academic campuses, and sporting venues.

Industrial PoE Equipment

Industrial PoE equipment comes with stringent standards to ensure operation in extreme industrial conditions. PoE industrial equipment must have the capacity to protect against electrical decoupling, especially in electrically demanding environments, such as electrical substations. PoE industrial equipment, often described as “hardened,” supports extreme operating temperatures and additional optional protection measures, including dustproof and waterproof features.

H70-044-60 Managed PoE Switch Features

The H70-044-60 managed industrial PoE switch has two RJ 45 and two SFP interfaces, a power budget of 240W, and can be operated in temperatures between -40°C and 75°C.

What are the best applications for industrial PoE?

Industrial PoE applications help developers stay competitive. For example, sensors and IP cameras allow managers to observe manufacturing floors to monitor automated equipment and employee behaviors. This watchdog capability is essential to obtaining lean manufacturing development. PoE also facilitates large data transfer and power distribution to key areas. Following is a list of several Industrial PoE applications:

  • Safety compliance can be better documented, therefore, helping to eliminate accidents in the work areas.
  • Sensors help monitor accuracy along assembly lines and help to eliminate waste.
  • Loading docks, inventory rooms, and other vital areas, even those without a local power source , can be tracked and improved using footage capturing employee transitions and downtimes.
  • Sensors can track things that are not visible, such as temperature changes and protecting products at vulnerable stages of development.

What is PoE lighting?

One PoE application that is quickly gaining popularity is POE lighting. PoE lighting is a low-power, high-performance LED lighting network technology comprised of fixtures and sensors and is managed remotely using intelligent software. The control module communicates data signal and power over a twisted-pair cable. Network administrators use PoE to provide power to energy-efficient LED bulbs, using standard network cabling like Cat5e or Cat6 wiring. LED lights have an average lifespan of about 50,000 hours and use only six to eight watts of power per bulb. Therefore, with a PSE with a sufficient PoE budget, network administrators can deploy PoE lighting with a low amount of investment. In addition, standard networking cables are also a cost-effective alternative to the traditional electrical conduit used for wiring. PoE lighting gives users access to smart lighting using a simple internet connection. Furthermore, it provides users the ability to remotely control their lighting systems via a mobile client device or a web browser. LED light installations will not require a professional electrical installer. IT personnel are positioned as the new electricians of the future. PoE lighting allows office users to customize their work environments with flexible lighting endlessly.

What are PoE lighting systems?

PoE lighting systems consist of PoE switches, lighting controls, sensors, and LEDs connected to LANs over twisted-pair cables. Lighting controls allow end-users to mirror the features of daylight to promote health, productivity, and collaboration using a broad spectrum of optical frequencies. With a PoE lighting system, data can be collected from motion sensors, allowing organizations to monitor better and control energy consumption. Individuals and organizations are leveraging these benefits in homes, work environments, academic settings, hospitality venues, and medical treatment facilities.

PoE in the Workplace

PoE is on its way to becoming THE source of electrical power in the workplace. PoE’s versatility is instrumental in co-working spaces that are commonly found in the startup sphere. These co-working spaces are often occupied by freelancers and independent contractors where office arrangements are never permanent. As PoE adopts more applications beyond computer networking, it can potentially act as a shifting power source that new users can easily modify without the help of professional installers.

The Future of PoE and IoT

PoE allows for flexible network designs that are simple to deploy. In addition, the practicality of PoE wiring leaves future application possibilities for PoE open for exploration. In the wake of the Internet of Things (IoT) revolution, PoE is positioned to gain traction. As an increasing amount of objects and sensors connect to the internet, PoE has the potential of becoming as integral to infrastructure as electrical circuitry. This prospect seems more viable, especially with ratifying the 802.3bt standard that has given us high-power PoE.

Frequently Asked Questions About PoE

1. when should you use poe.

PoE allows you to add a device in awkward or remote locations. It is excellent for WAPs, CCTV camera placements, and digital signage on the tops or sides of skyscrapers. It is suitable for IT network installations as well. Cables for IP devices and small, out-of-the-way networks can be boosted for distances beyond 100m for a single device through the use of PoE injectors. PoE can be used over existing copper telecom infrastructure.

2. When should you not use PoE?

PoE is not recommended to send network data over long distances or extreme temperatures unless an industrial designation is present.

3. What type of data speeds does PoE offer?

PoE costs less than fiber and is delivering higher and higher data speeds. Thanks to the widespread adoption of IEEE 802.3bz technology, manufacturers are spending more on product development. Data delivery rates are now at 1 Gbps (10/100/1000 Mbps) over Cat5e and Cat6. The new IEEE 802.bz standard can deliver speeds of 2.5 to 5 Gbps over 100m leverage with an immediate view toward 10 Gbps. High-definition streaming only requires 400 Mbps. A network could easily stream a training video while others work and check email. PoE has more than enough data speed to support devices in a small LAN.

4. What levels of power can PoE deliver?

PoE does not require an additional power supply. The previously developed standard—IEEE 802.3at—provides 30W of power. The most recently developed standard—IEEE 802.3bt—provide 60W (Type 3) and 100W (Type 4)

5. What type of devices does PoE support?

PoE can support a huge range of devices, and that list is expanding. In fact, manufacturers are developing network devices with the convenience of PoE in mind. PoE technology works indoors and outdoors. In places where there are extreme temperatures, installers keep cables and devices in protected areas like under the eaves or in the shade. Even the latest standard, IEEE 802.3bt supports legacy devices. These are devices not manufactured to PoE standards. These devices may be added to a PoE network inexpensively through the use of a PoE splitter. Poe 802.3at devices include things like video phones, speed dome cameras, and WiMax wireless access points. PoE 802.3bt devices include things like thin clients, point-of-sale systems, laptops, and digital signage.

6. What types of costs should I expect with a PoE installation?

PoE costs less to install than fiber cabling. Cat5e/Cat6 Ethernet cable, which appears in many existing infrastructures, as well as, the more recent Cat6a cable are considerably less expensive than fiber over the scope of an installation. Since both the PoE networking equipment and compatible devices are also becoming plug-and-play, PoE is making network upgrades feasible from both a budgetary and IT resource perspective. And because power delivery is through the cable, there is no need to hire a contractor to install an electrical outlet for a remote device. And finally, from a technological standpoint, PoE is as “green” as you get.

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What is Power over Ethernet (PoE)? Everything you need to know!

What is Power over Ethernet PoE?

What is Power over Ethernet (PoE)?

What is poe.

Power over Ethernet (PoE) is the process of sending electrical power and data over copper wire.

The combination of data transmission along with power-supplying hardware onto the same RJ45 Ethernet connector allows for the transmission of power over the network cabling. PoE networks can source power at the network switch side or at a PoE injector to add power to an existing data line.

How Does PoE Work?

Power over Ethernet is a process where devices known as power sourcing equipment (PSE) provide a direct current (DC) voltage over a standard Ethernet cable to another connected device known as a powered device (PD). This allows for the powering of devices without the need for a local power source at the device location or having to run a separate cable for power.

History of Power over Ethernet

Before Ethernet communications, devices like cameras required a signal cable to transmit the image back to a recorder. These devices also required local power supplies to provide power. Because cameras and similar devices are often installed in locations where local power may not be available, companies started running a mix of signal and power cables with a power supply transmitting power from the head end recorder location.

Through further development in signaling and power technologies, cameras started using multi-pair UTP cables, like CAT5, to send a mix of signaling and power. Signaling was sent on one or two of the four pairs of CAT5 cables, and power was transmitted on the remaining two pairs. This helped to simplify installations, as fewer cables were required to accomplish the same task.

When endpoint signaling moved away from analog transmissions to IP, this capability was lost. Then in 2003, Power over Ethernet was created and standardized by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

Power Over Ethernet Standards

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is the governing body that creates standards for Ethernet and other data communications. The first governing document created for PoE was 802.3AF, which states that compliant Power over Ethernet switches deliver 15.4W of power to guarantee delivery of 12.95W at the endpoint.

For more information, see our comprehensive breakdown of Power over Ethernet Standards, History, and Evolution .

What is PoE+?

Improvements to this standard came in the form of 802.3AT, also known as PoE+, which states that Power Sourcing Equipment can provide 30W of power to ensure 25.5W at the endpoint. To guarantee a successful negotiation, both the switch and the endpoint device must be IEEE compliant. However, some device manufacturers have created their own implementations of PoE.

There are three main techniques for transmitting power over Ethernet cabling. These are Mode A (also known as common-mode data pair power), Mode B (spare-pair power), and 4PPoE (4-Pair power). With Mode A the power is provided on the same cable pair as the data pairs used in a 10Base-T or 100Base-TX transmission. With Mode B the spare pairs are used and with 4PPoE all 4-pairs of the Ethernet cable are used for power transmission. Below are the specifics of each mode.

These have been standardized by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) under the Ethernet Standard 802.3. The first being standardized in 2003.

Each IEEE standard depicts how the power is delivered, the voltage (V) supplied, and the wattage (W) available as can be seen in the below table:

There are varying names for these PoE standards, as can be seen under the PoE Type heading in the above table but essentially, they all fall under the specified IEEE standards listed.

Power over Ethernet Classes

The Power over Ethernet Class is reserved for powered devices (PD). The class specifies how much power the PD requires to function. There are currently 9 PoE classes ranging from 0 to 8. They are as follows:

In most cases, the datasheet of a PD will display the PoE Class of the device or at least the IEEE standard it adheres to in the power, power consumption, or electrical sections.

Maximum Distance for Power Over Ethernet

Over the past 30 years, Power over Ethernet technology has seen incredible innovation. Initially, one of the primary downsides of PoE was the limited reach of 328ft (100m). However, new PoE innovations, like those from NVT Phybridge, are pushing the limits of Power over Ethernet transmission over several cable types. For example, the NVT Phybridge CLEER24 is an enterprise-grade 24-port PoE switch that delivers power and data up to 6,000ft (1,830) over a single Coax cable. That’s 18 times farther than a standard reach Power over Ethernet switch.

NVT Phybridge Power over Ethernet

The enterprise-grade 24 and 48-port PoLRE® switches deliver power and data over a single pair of UTP cable (also known as Category 3 cable or voice-grade cable used for telephone wiring) with up to 1,200ft (365m) reach. The NVT Phybridge FLEX24 switch delivers power and data over 2 or 4-pairs of UTP cable (Category 5/6 cable) with up to 2,000ft (610m) reach.

See how our PoE switch performance compares

Advantages of Power Over Ethernet

PoE provides four primary advantages: lower infrastructure costs, fast and simple deployments, improved LAN design, and reduced e-waste.

Endpoint devices require two connections: data and electrical. The data connection allows communication with the network while the electrical connection powers the device. Separately installing both connections is costly and unnecessarily complicated, especially when considering the number and location of the devices across the organization. Power over Ethernet provides both connections using a single wire.

Many companies will install a PoE switch fabric when modernizing from older, analog voice and security systems, or when deploying a new system. NVT Phybridge PoE switches provide numerous benefits:

  • Lower infrastructure costs
  • Fast and simple deployment
  • Improved LAN design
  • Less e-waste

Lower Infrastructure Costs

Businesses looking to modernize from analog/digital devices to IP already have the most critical requirement, a proven and reliable LAN infrastructure. This cabling can be leveraged using NVT Phybridge Power over Ethernet technology to support IP endpoints. Organizations have been doing this for over ten years to ensure simple VoIP and security upgrades.

Companies are saving millions of dollars in network readiness costs while avoiding the unforeseen challenges that come with an enterprise-wide network overhaul. These cost savings are realized through significantly reduced labor, cabling, and construction costs, which are often reallocated into devices and applications to improve return on investment.

The extended reach capabilities significantly reduce IDF closet requirements – including space, power, cooling, and backup power – to reduce cost, network complexity, and to simplify network management. NVT Phybridge PoE switches are simple to deploy, configure, and manage. Deploying devices across multiple locations is easy, thanks to the repeatable, predictable, and scalable deployment methodology.

Fast and Simple Deployment

Deployments using Power over Ethernet technology are quick and easy, especially when leveraging network infrastructure that is already in the building. Simply install the PoE switch in the MDF closet, connect to the new or existing network cabling, and connect the device at the endpoint location.

Improved LAN Design

Organizations have the freedom to establish/maintain a physically separate Power over Ethernet network, or centrally converge to the core network using a single wire in a highly secure and controlled manner. This applies to both Cloud and on-premise solutions and significantly improves network security and performance. Quality of service is enhanced while ongoing network management is simplified as IT teams continue to manage the core business network while voice/security teams can handle these separate networks.

Additionally, as core business applications and data terminals (employee computers, Wi-Fi access points) continually require more and more bandwidth, network equipment will generally evolve every 3 to 5 years. By physically segmenting your PoE network, you can make changes to your core business network without impacting or disrupting your communication, security, and other systems.

Less E-Waste

By repurposing existing infrastructure and reducing/eliminating IDF closet requirements, organizations are significantly reducing the environmental impact of their digital transformations. Far less cabling and equipment e-waste is produced. NVT Phybridge Power over Ethernet switches are built with PowerWISE technology to ensure low energy consumption, power redundancy, and hot-swappable power supplies.

Related Resources

Managed vs. Unmanaged Switches Explained

Full-Duplex vs. Half Duplex Explained

If you have an upcoming IP/IoT modernization project, we would love to help! Click below to book a one-on-one meeting with one of our Digital Transformation Consultants.

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Rj45 connector pinouts: a complete guide and more.

RJ45 connector pinouts are essential equipment that transmits voice or data information over long distances. ‘RJ’ is an acronym for Registered Jack, while ’45’ is the value of the standard interface.

Notably, the RJ is a different Registered Jack systems label, including the RJ11. The advancement in the development of the RJ system was to replace the hardwired telephone wiring systems that were bulky.

This article will discuss the rj45 in detail, focusing on using the modular plug.

RJ45 Pin Diagram

The rj45 connector has a total of 8 pins and eight colored wires. Moreover, you’ll find the colored stripes in 4 twisted pairs. Additionally, the wire pairs are responsible for handling power and signals in a proper electrical connection.

The table above describes the TB68B wiring scheme. 

To clarify, T568B and T568A are the standard wiring schemes that define the arrangement of the wires. Also, the wire arrangement has to be accurate when linking an RJ to a cable. However, the T568B standards are the most common with the two wiring standards in place. The two standards also have different connection styles. 

The connection is straight through if you wire both ends of the cable using the T568B. However, when both ends of the patch cable have different standard wiring schemes, the connection becomes a cross-over connection.

image of the different T568A and T568B wiring schemes

(image of the different T568A and T568B wiring schemes.)

What is an Rj45 Connector?

An rj45 is a popular modular connector type that provides electronic systems and data communication services. 

Notably, the connector consists of metal contacts parted by plastic channels. The plastic media should fit into the rj45 standard jack. After, the connectors enclose the tracks with a tab and secure the jack with a crimp making it firm. However, if pulled, the channel can detach from the jack disrupting the electrical connection. 

Also, the registered jacks are made of a plastic material with eight pins attached to them. Four of these pins are in charge of sending and receiving data. The other group of four pins is in order of transmitting power . 

You already know that the rj45 connector has an eight-pin configuration. This connection wiring is so much like that of the 8P8C connector. Only an actual RJ45 connection can achieve transmission. Also, with an rj45, you have the inclusion of a tab. The tab allows you to connect a device in one direction only with a compatible socket. Importantly, this connection helps you to achieve a reliable connection. 

ethernet port

(ethernet port.)

Rj45 Features and Functions.

  • Firstly, the ethernet network has indicators that display the connection status. 
  • Secondly, the device has receptacles or sockets that allow you to orient your device horizontally or vertically. The orientation allows you to use the gadget in distinct applications.
  • Thirdly, the rj45 contains a tab that helps you avoid incorrect connection wiring.
  • Also, the 8 pins present are essential in carrying lots of data or in applications that are so intense.
  • Additionally, the modular jack contains a shield that prevents infiltration of RFI/EMI.
  • This device has a key feature that helps to ensure the correct insertion of the network cables.
  • Moreover, the Hi-Rel feature on the rj45 connector protects the hardware and the cables.
  • Then, the device has a physical interface with integrated magnetics that shields the system and offers current protection.
  • Lastly, since this electrical device is a modular connector, it has similar features to a modular connector. A modular connector has;
  • wiring and connectors that are solderless.
  • Network cards that are easy to insert and pull out.
  • Wiring and cables that are affordable.
  • cables that are customizable
  • equipment that is easy to assemble and operate.

an ethernet cable shows the different colored wires

(an ethernet cable shows the different colored wires.)

Where to Use the Rj45 Connectors?

The rj45 8-pin jack is a physical connector working as a communication protocol . You mainly use the connector in long-distance communication or ethernet connections because of the straight-through cables.

When using these RJ-45 connectors, you can send data from two different microcontrollers through a long-distance without interruption. Moreover, you can achieve this transmission by linking these microprocessors using ethernet cables like the CAT and USP cables. The wires run straight to the RJ-45 connectors, which support different types of network cables.

Also, there are many types of RJ-45 connectors, including the original rj45s. These devices in the Registered Jack system have the same functions. However, they have different builds and pairs of wires.

a LAN cable rj45

(a LAN cable rj45)

How to Connect the RJ-45 Connector?

As discussed, the electrical equipment is an 8-pin connector. This device uses CAT cables as the ethernet cable makes the connector very advantageous. Important to select the correct pins for data carrying and ground connection to make the protocol work efficiently.

The explanation is that the CAT cables contain twisted pairs of wires. In addition, these twisted wire pairs are held in a network cable that offers protection against external noise.

Since the wires are in a twisted pair, one will be the ground wire. The ground wire works by freeing the system from interruption or external noise during long-distance communication. Contrastingly, the other wire in the pair works by carrying the data or information.

a LAN network with connected ethernet cables.

(a LAN network with connected ethernet cables.)

RJ45 Connector Applications

  • Firstly, you use this device in ethernet cable connectors.
  • Secondly, the registered jack can transfer information over long distances.
  • Thirdly, the straight-through cables can carry data in a noisy environment.
  • Additionally, the network interface cards can support power over ethernet.
  • Lastly, you need this device because the cable runs in a long-distance wired connection

network cables on a network switch

(network cables on a network switch.)

Power over Ethernet (PoE) and Rj45

PoE supplies direct current to electronic equipment through the unutilized twisted pairs in ethernet connectors. With PoE, there is no need to have a separate power source.

PoE has proven to be safe, flexible , scalable, and reliable. These PoE features reduce the use of separate electrical cables and the cost of installation fees.

Additionally, PoE offers flexibility since devices don’t have to be close to the power outlets.

You should know that the IEEE standard 802.3af operates the PoE. However, subsequent versions of this program have been developed depending on the amount of power it can distribute.

a picture showing the flexibility of the power cables

(a picture showing the flexibility of the power cables.)

The rj45 is an essential device in ethernet connectivity. The connectors were initially developed as more minor replacements to the telephone wiring methods. 

We hope this article has been of help to you. Our team is always ready to help! Also, if you have any questions about this article or any of our work, please reach out to us.

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network cable wiring

Ethernet rj45 connection wiring and cable pinout.

rj45 pin configuration for poe

  • Ask a question

There are several specifications of Ethernet RJ-45 connection over twisted pair: oldest 10Mbit ( Ethernet ), old but still used 100Mbit ( Fast Ethernet ), modern 1Gbit ( Gigabit ethernet ) or newest  10Gbit ethernet .  Ethernet cable wiring for any of those RJ45 interfaces may be easily crimped by yourself.

Ethernet is officially standardized by IEEE standard 802.3. It was originally developed by Xerox Corporation in cooperation with DEC and Intel in 1976. Nowdays ethernet over twisted pair ( RJ-45 connection ) runs at 10Mb, 100Mb, 1Gb or 10Gb per second. Ethernet uses a bus (very old coaxial cable) or star topology (standard UTP cable equipped with RJ-45 connectors).

Ethernet RJ45 connection and cable

Almost every ethernet network use Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable ended with RJ-45 connectors. Category 5 (CAT5) , Category 5e  or Category 6 (CAT6) cables are widely used, but other variations are available. EIA/TIA specifies RJ-45 connectors - properly called 8P8C - (ISO 8877) for UTP (unshielded twisted pair) cable .

Fast Ethernet

100BASE-TX (IEEE 802.3u) was introduced in 1995 and remained the fastest version of Ethernet before the introduction of Gigabit Ethernet. It runs on UTP data or optical fiber cable in a star wired bus topology, similar to 10BASE-T where all cables are attached to a hub. Fast Ethernet RJ-45 connected devices are generally backward compatible with existing 10BASE-T systems. The segment length for a 100BASE-T cable is limited to 100 metres.  100BASE-TX runs over two wire-pairs inside a Category 5 cable  or above. Like 10BASE-T, the active pairs in a standard connection are terminated on pins 1, 2, 3 and 6. 

Gigabit Ethernet

1000BASE-T (also known as IEEE 802.3ab) is a standard for Gigabit Ethernet over copper wiring . The Gigabit RJ45 connection requires, at least Category 5 cable (the same as 100BASE-TX), but Category 5e cable (Category 5 enhanced) or Category 6 cable may also be used and is often recommended. 1000BASE-T requires all four pairs to be present and is far less tolerant of poorly installed wiring than 100BASE-TX.

10Gbit Ethernet

10GBASE-T (IEEE 802.3an-2006) is a standard released in 2006 to provide 10 Gbit/s connections over unshielded or shielded twisted pair cables, over distances up to 100 metres.  Category 6a cable is required to reach the full distance and category 6 may reach a distance of 55 metres. The line encoding used by 10GBASE-T is the basis for the slower 2.5GBASE-T and 5GBASE-T standard, implementing a 2.5 or 5.0 Gbit/s connection over existing category 5e or 6 cabling. Cables which will not function reliably with 10GBASE-T may successfully operate with 2.5GBASE-T or 5GBASE-T if supported by both ends.

RJ45 ethernet connection pinout

There are two standards for RJ45 cable wiring: EIA/TIA 568A and EIA/TIA 568B. Both are correct. You may use either of them to crimp the Ethernet RJ45 net connection cable.

EIA/TIA 568A Ethernet UTP cable wiring diagram

Eia/tia 568b ethernet utp cable wiring diagram.

Note: It is very important that a single pair be used for pins 1 and 2; 3 and 6, 4 and 5, 7 and 8. If not, performance will be degraded.

How to wire your own RJ-45 Ethernet cable

The ethernet cable wiring is simple. You must have some RJ-45 connectors, UTP cable, Rj-45 Modular Connector Crimper and a hand. The ethernet cable,connectors and Connector Crimper are available at local computer store or most electrical centers.

Pull the cable off the reel to the desired length and cut.

Ethernet RJ45 cable cutting

Inside the ethernet cable, there are 8 color coded wires. They are twisted into 4 pairs of wires. One wire in the pair is a solid colored and the other is a primarily white with a colored stripe. Start on one end and strip the cable jacket off (about 2-3cm) using a stripper or a knife. The insulation of cable wires must remain intact!

RJ45 Cat6 wires revealed

Untwist the pairs and align the wires in the correct order (see the EIA/TIA 568B or   EIA/TIA 568A pinout above ). Flatten the wires and trim the ends of the wires, leaving approximately 12-14 mm in wire length. Check the correct order, flattness  and tightness of wires bundle.

Hold the RJ-45 connector (clip down)  and carefully insert wires into the connector.

RJ45 ethernet connector still not crimped

Each wire should be inserted as deep as possible (to the front of the RJ45 plug).

Ethernet category 6 cable inside the rj45 connector

Check the wires order once again. Carefully hold the wire and firmly crimp the RJ-45 with the modular connector crimper.

crimping the rj 45 ethernet connector

Repeat the above for the second RJ45 connector of cable.

RJ45 ethernet connector crimped

That's all. Test the Ethernet cable.

properly crimped rj45 connector

What if your Ethernet cable failed to function?

Check the following:

Did you align wires in correct order on both ends of cable?  Is pin 1 of connector wired with white-orange (EIA/TIA 568A) or  white-green (EIA/TIA 568B) on both ends of cable?

If not, cut off connector and repeat above steps with NEW RJ45 connector.

Did you tightly press all metal pins of RJ45 connector? 

Tightly crimp the connector with the crimper once again.

There are four most common Unshielded Twisted Pair Ethernet standards available nowdays:

Ethernet UTP cable length:

Each network segment cable length may be up to 100 meters, although several chip manufacturers claim 150 meters. Autonegotiation is a requirement for using 1000BASE-T, according to the standard. Several device drivers will allow you to force 1000 Mbps full duplex to eliminate autonegotiation issues.

UTP network cabling

Category 5 cable, commonly known as Cat 5 , is an unshielded twisted pair cable type designed for high signal integrity. With the 2001 introduction of the TIA/EIA-568-B standard for RJ-45 connection, the category 5 cabling specification was obsoleted and superseded by the category 5e specification.

The original specification for category 5 cable was defined in ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A, with clarification in TSB-95. These documents specified performance characteristics and test requirements for frequencies of up to 100 MHz. Category 5 cable included four twisted pairs in a single cable jacket. It was most commonly used for 100Mbit/s networks, such as 100BASE-TX Ethernet, although IEEE 802.3ab defined standards for 1000BASE-T - gigabit Ethernet over category 5 cable. Cat 5 cable typically had three twists per inch of each twisted pair of 24 gauge copper wires within the cable. The twisting of the cable reduces electrical interference and crosstalk. 

Cat 5e cable is an enhanced version of Cat 5 that adds specifications for far-end crosstalk, usually used for gigabit ethernet. Cat 5e cable does not enable longer cable distances for Ethernet networks: horizontal cables are still limited to a maximum of 90 m in length. Cat 5e cable performance characteristics and test methods are defined in TIA/EIA-568-B.2-2001.

Category 6 cable, commonly referred to as  Cat 6 , is a standardized twisted pair cable for Ethernetand other network physical layers that is backward compatible with the Category 5/5e and Category 3 cable standards. Compared with Cat 5 and Cat 5e, Cat 6 features more stringent specifications for crosstalk and system noise. The cable standard also specifies performance of up to 250 MHz compared to 100 MHz for Cat 5 and Cat 5e. Whereas Category 6 cable has a reduced maximum length of 55 meters when used for 10GBASE-T,  Category 6A cable is characterized to 500 MHz and has improved alien crosstalk characteristics, allowing 10GBASE-T to be run for the same 100 meter maximum distance as previous Ethernet variants.

rj45 pin configuration for poe

  • Ethernet 10 / 100 Mbit (RJ45 cat 5) network cable wiring pinout
  • Ethernet 10/100/1000 Mbit crossover cable pinout
  • Ethernet 10/100Base-T ( RJ-45) connector pinout
  • Ethernet 1000Base-T (Gigabit ethernet) pinout

Ethernet  RJ45 connection wiring and cable  diagram

RJ45 Ethernet connector

This is an 8-pin RJ45 connector.

rj45 pin configuration for poe

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IMAGES

  1. Power over Ethernet (POE) pinout diagram @ pinoutguide.com

    rj45 pin configuration for poe

  2. Poe Rj45 Pinout Diagram

    rj45 pin configuration for poe

  3. Rj45 Poe Connector Pinout

    rj45 pin configuration for poe

  4. Schema Cablage Rj45 Ethernet Poe ~ schéma câblage et branchement de

    rj45 pin configuration for poe

  5. Poe Rj45 Wiring Diagram : Power Over Ethernet Poe Pinout Diagram Color

    rj45 pin configuration for poe

  6. Poe Rj45 Wiring Diagram : Power Over Ethernet Poe Pinout Diagram Color

    rj45 pin configuration for poe

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COMMENTS

  1. Power over Ethernet (POE) pinout diagram @ pinoutguide.com

    8 pin RJ45 (8P8C) female connector Ask a question Comment Edit Submit New Power over Ethernet is a technology that allows IP telephones, wireless LAN Access Points, security network cameras and other IP-based terminals to receive power, in parallel to data, over the existing CAT-5 Ethernet infrastructure without the need to make any modifications.

  2. PoE Ethernet Connector Pinout

    The Ethernet cable has eight wires grouped with four twisted pairs. Here we will provide general information on Ethernet cables. RJ45 PINOUT AND COLOR CODE The following diagram shows pinout of RJ45 jack and the connector, as well as two common color codes of the wires (T568A and T568B). RJ45 PIN DESIGNATIONS

  3. networking

    Do RJ45s need to be wired differently to enable POE (Power over ethernet)? Ask Question Asked 8 years, 10 months ago Modified 2 years, 11 months ago Viewed 126k times 11 On larger projects we tend to buy CAT6 in drums of 1000ft, these are then run to the locations as required and RJ-45s placed on the ends by the electrician, this all works fine.

  4. PoE Pinout: Enhance Your Network

    There are two types of RJ45 PoE schemes: Mode A and Mode B. Choosing the correct mode ensures the pinout aligns properly between the PoE switch port and powered device. Mode A PoE Pinout Mode A relies on pins 1, 2, 3, and 6 for power transmission. Here is what each pin does in a Mode A RJ45 PoE pinout: Pin 1: Positive Voltage (V+)

  5. Power Over Ethernet (PoE) Adapter : 8 Steps (with Pictures

    Step 1: Description Applying a voltage across terminals not dimensioned for that, may damage the network device. To avoid this, the best way is to make a PoE adapter, separating the two input signals, via two simple circuits, an injector and a splitter.

  6. Power over Ethernet (PoE) Installation Best Practices

    Termination Accessories. As for termination accessories, all of trueCABLE's Ethernet keystone jacks, field termination plugs, Ethernet couplers, and RJ45 8P8C connectors handle Type 4 Class 8 IEEE 802.3bt, PoE++ up to 100W with no issue. As it turns out, the limiting factor on PoE ratings for accessories has to do with a phenomenon known as "spark arc damage".

  7. Easy RJ45 Wiring (with RJ45 pinout diagram, steps and video)

    This RJ 45 pin diagram (T-568B) shows everything you need in one handy image, with iso-view and RJ45 color order, suitable for printing quite large. I like this pinout diagram because it shows everything you need. It includes an isometric view and pin-color order table, all in one large diagram.

  8. PDF Configuring Power over Ethernet

    PoE and Supported Cabling Topology When using PoE, pairs 2 and 3 (pins 1, 2, 3, and 6) of the four pairs in a standard UTP cable are used for both the Ethernet data signals and the DC power at the same time. In DC, PoE flows from pair 3 (pins 3 and 6) to the device using PoE and back to pair 2 (pins 1 and 2) while the Ethernet port transmits

  9. Power Over Ethernet: What Is "PoE"?

    PoE devices often use different power pinout pairs. These two methods are known as "Mode A" and "Mode B." With Mode A, data pin pair 1-2 forms one side of the DC supply, and pin pair 3-6 forms the other side, leaving pinout pairs 4-5 and 7-8 unused. Units that utilize Mode A are sometimes referred to as "end-span" units.

  10. Which RJ45 pins should I use for power supply?

    1 - A 2 - B 3 - NC 4 - GND 5 - GND 6 - NC 7 - +24V 8 - +24V However on many solutions I have seen using 4 and 5 pin for data transmission is recommended. I have also seen numerous documents where 4 and 5 pin was left unused. Which approach should I choose and why? Maybe ther? communication ethernet can rs485 twisted-pair Share Cite Follow

  11. What is Power over Ethernet (PoE)? Everything you need to know!

    Power over Ethernet (PoE) is the process of sending electrical power and data over copper wire. The combination of data transmission along with power-supplying hardware onto the same RJ45 Ethernet connector allows for the transmission of power over the network cabling. PoE networks can source power at the network switch side or at a PoE ...

  12. Power over Ethernet

    In this configuration, an Ethernet connection includes Power over Ethernet (PoE) (gray cable looping below), and a PoE splitter provides a separate data cable (gray, looping above) and power cable (black, also looping above) for a wireless access point (WAP). The splitter is the silver and black box in the middle between the wiring junction box (left) and the access point (right).

  13. Rj45 Connector Pinouts: A Complete Guide and More!

    You already know that the rj45 connector has an eight-pin configuration. This connection wiring is so much like that of the 8P8C connector. Only an actual RJ45 connection can achieve transmission. Also, with an rj45, you have the inclusion of a tab. The tab allows you to connect a device in one direction only with a compatible socket.

  14. RJ45 Pinout

    A RJ45 connector is a modular 8 position, 8 pin connector used for terminating Cat5e or Cat6 twisted pair cable. A pinout is a specific arrangement of wires that dictate how the connector is terminated. There are multiple pinouts for RJ45 connectors including straight through (T568A or T568B), crossover, rolled, T1, and loopback.

  15. Ethernet RJ45 connection wiring and cable pinout

    Comment Edit Submit New Nowdays ethernet is a most common networking standard for LAN (local area network) communication. The ethernet cable used to wire a RJ45 connector of network interface card to a hub, switch or network outlet. The cable is called wipe, patch cord, straight-thru cable.

  16. RJ45 Ethernet connector

    This is an 8-pin RJ45 connector. Pin Usage; 1: R-, PoE Mode_A DC+: 2: R+, PoE Mode_A DC+: 3: T-, PoE Mode_A DC-4: PoE Mode_B DC+: 5: PoE Mode_B DC+: 6: T+, PoE Mode_A DC- 7: PoE Mode_B DC-8:

  17. How to power a passive RJ45 POE device

    To provide the power part, focus on the following pins: pin 4 and 5 (blue / white-blue) for the negative. pin 7 and 8 (white-brown / brown) for the positive. The voltage should be set according to the device, normally 12V or 24V (see device specifications) and always in DC. This method of feeding is limited to a distance of 40 meters depending ...

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  21. Elektrostal, Moscow Oblast, Russia

    Elektrostal Geography. Geographic Information regarding City of Elektrostal. Elektrostal Geographical coordinates. Latitude: 55.8, Longitude: 38.45. 55° 48′ 0″ North, 38° 27′ 0″ East. Elektrostal Area. 4,951 hectares. 49.51 km² (19.12 sq mi) Elektrostal Altitude.